Otherwise you could end up with the situation where, if there are still a lot more applications from international students compared to local students, they could force out local students who cannot afford to go study somewhere else.
In Step 4 of my sketch of a reform proposal, I have removed the main incentive for that tendency by making an international student bring as much income to the university as a local or Union student would. E.g. if a Dutch student costs to the Dutch/Union state 10k EUR/y (even if the Dutch/Union student only pays a fraction of that amount out of pocket), then an international student should also pay 10k EUR/y (whether fully out of pocket or with some Dutch state subsidy is not relevant, because to the university it’s exactly the same income).
If international students are not more profitable to the university than local/Union students, then I expect that we will have gone a long way towards fixing the issue. If there are some remaining distortions we can address them at a second time, but I think that once the profit motive is out of the way, the rates will not be at alarming levels.
I’m pretty sure there is an EU law that you are not allowed to discriminate between domestic and international students and changing that would undoubtedly cause political issues.
Unrestricted admission is not legally required in the EU. Counter-examples include Greece and Cyprus where restricted, competitive admission, is the norm. Within a rounding error, 100% of all programmes have restricted admission and a fixed number of students they can enrol each year.
Equal treatment is only legally necessary for EU citizens. Third-country nationals can be admitted to additional restrictions or requirements (and it is the case already, that’s why they often pay double or triple the amount of tuition). Legally, it would be possible to have unrestricted admission for Dutch/Union students and restricted admission of third-country nationals. (But that wouldn’t solve the resources problem - EU students also had to live in tents in Groningen)
Out-of-city domestic differences in tuition where also legally possible. When the UK was still in the EU, Scotland imposed higher tuition fees on English students compared to Scottish and EU students. They could price-discriminate within their country, but not across the Union. (That’s also a weird option to me, I’m not sure what problem it solves)
Finally, countries like Cyprus, can carve out available places so that Cypriot/EU students compete for a certain allotment (say 70% of the available intake positions) and third-country nationals can only compete for the remaining positions, separately. This could make sense for NL too.
Therefore, I still think this is probably the best short term solution.
I mean, yeah, I agree it will probably work to a great extend, but it’s not a clean solution in my eyes. It’s not going after the root cause itself, but after a co-morbidity.
Theoretically, it’s possible that even under my reform idea, which would also limit the number of third-country national students to a great extend, it would still make sense to offer many degrees in English for the benefit of mostly Dutch students (i.e. the talking points about international competitiveness etc may have actual merit). With this solution, that possibility is ruled out.
A highly theoretical discussion perhaps, but I think the NL example is a very clear cut one and it lends itself to being used to discuss this topic.
In Step 4 of my sketch of a reform proposal, I have removed the main incentive for that tendency by making an international student bring as much income to the university as a local or Union student would. E.g. if a Dutch student costs to the Dutch/Union state 10k EUR/y (even if the Dutch/Union student only pays a fraction of that amount out of pocket), then an international student should also pay 10k EUR/y (whether fully out of pocket or with some Dutch state subsidy is not relevant, because to the university it’s exactly the same income).
If international students are not more profitable to the university than local/Union students, then I expect that we will have gone a long way towards fixing the issue. If there are some remaining distortions we can address them at a second time, but I think that once the profit motive is out of the way, the rates will not be at alarming levels.
Unrestricted admission is not legally required in the EU. Counter-examples include Greece and Cyprus where restricted, competitive admission, is the norm. Within a rounding error, 100% of all programmes have restricted admission and a fixed number of students they can enrol each year.
Equal treatment is only legally necessary for EU citizens. Third-country nationals can be admitted to additional restrictions or requirements (and it is the case already, that’s why they often pay double or triple the amount of tuition). Legally, it would be possible to have unrestricted admission for Dutch/Union students and restricted admission of third-country nationals. (But that wouldn’t solve the resources problem - EU students also had to live in tents in Groningen)
Out-of-city domestic differences in tuition where also legally possible. When the UK was still in the EU, Scotland imposed higher tuition fees on English students compared to Scottish and EU students. They could price-discriminate within their country, but not across the Union. (That’s also a weird option to me, I’m not sure what problem it solves)
Finally, countries like Cyprus, can carve out available places so that Cypriot/EU students compete for a certain allotment (say 70% of the available intake positions) and third-country nationals can only compete for the remaining positions, separately. This could make sense for NL too.
I mean, yeah, I agree it will probably work to a great extend, but it’s not a clean solution in my eyes. It’s not going after the root cause itself, but after a co-morbidity.
Theoretically, it’s possible that even under my reform idea, which would also limit the number of third-country national students to a great extend, it would still make sense to offer many degrees in English for the benefit of mostly Dutch students (i.e. the talking points about international competitiveness etc may have actual merit). With this solution, that possibility is ruled out.
A highly theoretical discussion perhaps, but I think the NL example is a very clear cut one and it lends itself to being used to discuss this topic.