My guess is, that someone started with a small share of features to find a simple solution for the problem, but the complexity of the problem got waaaay out of hand.
Regexes are actually used in formal computer science (if that’s the right term), i.e. “proof that this and that algorithm won’t deadlock” or something like that.
They’re actually really elegant and can cover a lot. But you’ll have to learn them by using them.
For the purpose of algorithm verification, the final and/or pushdown automaton or probably sometimes even Turing Machines are used, because they are easier to work with. “Real” regular expressions are only nice to write a grammar for regular languages which can be easily interpreted by the computer I think. The thing is, that regexs in the *nix and programming language world are also used for searching which is why there are additional special characters to indicate things like: “it has to end with …” and there are shortcuts for when you want that a character or sequence occurs
at least once,
once or never or
a specified number of times
back to back.
In “standard” regex, you would only have
() for grouping,
* for 0 or any number of occurances (so a* means blank or a or aa or …)
+ as combining two characters/groups with exclusive or (in programming, a+ is mostly the same as aa* so this is a difference)
and sometimes some way to have a shortcut for (a+b+c+…+z) if you want to allow any lower case character as the next one
So there are only 4 characters which have the same expressive power as the extended syntax with the exception of not being able to indicate, that it should occur at the end or beginning of a string/line (which could even be removed if one would have implemented different functions or options for the tools we now have instead)
You are probably thinking of Temporal logic which allows us to model if algorithms and programs terminate etc! It can be represented by using state machines tho!
It’s been a while, so I’m quite rusty, especiallyeon the terminology, but I think we modelled feasible sequences of finite and infinite state machines using regexes.
It explains all parts of your regex and highlights all matches in your example text. I usually add a comment to a regex101 playground if I use a regex in code.
I still don’t understand regex at all
My guess is, that someone started with a small share of features to find a simple solution for the problem, but the complexity of the problem got waaaay out of hand.
Regexes are actually used in formal computer science (if that’s the right term), i.e. “proof that this and that algorithm won’t deadlock” or something like that.
They’re actually really elegant and can cover a lot. But you’ll have to learn them by using them.
For the purpose of algorithm verification, the final and/or pushdown automaton or probably sometimes even Turing Machines are used, because they are easier to work with. “Real” regular expressions are only nice to write a grammar for regular languages which can be easily interpreted by the computer I think. The thing is, that regexs in the *nix and programming language world are also used for searching which is why there are additional special characters to indicate things like: “it has to end with …” and there are shortcuts for when you want that a character or sequence occurs
In “standard” regex, you would only have
So there are only 4 characters which have the same expressive power as the extended syntax with the exception of not being able to indicate, that it should occur at the end or beginning of a string/line (which could even be removed if one would have implemented different functions or options for the tools we now have instead)
So one could say that *nix regex is bloated /s
You are probably thinking of Temporal logic which allows us to model if algorithms and programs terminate etc! It can be represented by using state machines tho!
It’s been a while, so I’m quite rusty, especiallyeon the terminology, but I think we modelled feasible sequences of finite and infinite state machines using regexes.
That’s how I was forced to learn 'em in uni. ;)
I recommend using https://regex101.com/
It explains all parts of your regex and highlights all matches in your example text. I usually add a comment to a regex101 playground if I use a regex in code.
Regexes are write-only. No one can understand other peoples regexes
Not only other people’s regexes. Mine from last week and before too
What part do you not understand?
.*
So you do not understand nothing? That’s great to hear.
No, No, they don’t understand everything and nothing!